The extreme form of social class organisation in which the position of individuals in the hierarchy is determined by birth is known as caste. Discriminating against an individual based on their caste or religion is called casteism.
In rural areas, casteism is a very common issue, but as we go through urban areas, this issue is minimised. Even today, many people stick to traditional caste systems, denying their fellow citizens some fundamental rights in the process.
4 Major Groups in the Caste System
In India, society was strictly divided into four castes that followed a hierarchy. This categorisation was based on the occupation of an individual. The division of the caste system is as follows:
- Priests and academicians are Brahmins.
- Rulers and warriors are Kshatriyas.
- Farmers, merchants, and traders are known as Vaishyas.
- Labourers and servants are Shudras.
Besides this, another category was considered inferior to everyone else, known as Dalit. People in this group did menial labour, such as sweeping the roads and cleaning toilets. They could not maintain physical contact with other caste members, so they were called ‘Untouchables’.
Although this is an ancient system, many people today still follow it and treat Dalits unfairly.
Causes of Casteism
- Illiteracy
- Feeling that one’s caste is prestigious or better than another
- Social distance
- Impact of urbanisation
- Development of transport and communication
Conclusion
Casteism impacts the quality of life of a person. Today, discrimination against castes is a violation of the Indian Constitution. However, outcasts and Dalits still face injustices and are forced to follow strict rules. Members of upper castes shun or disrespect people from lower classes, even preventing them from progressing.
At present, casteism has become an evil. However, the youth of modern India can bring about a positive change in the system and ensure every citizen’s civil rights are protected.
FAQs
1. Why should we fight against casteism?
We must fight against casteism for the development of the society and country.
2. How has the Indian Government helped lower casteism?
The Indian Government initiates many policies, such as reservation, to improve the lifestyle of lower castes. The Constitution of India also abolishes untouchability.
3. Who fought against the caste system?
Many social reformers such as Jyotiba Phule, Dr B.R. Ambedkar, and M.K. Gandhi fought against the caste system.
4. Why is casteism evil?
People of one caste hate the people belonging to other castes. It creates envy among the people. Thus, we should try to minimise its evil effects.
5. Does everyone believe in casteism?
Some people believe in casteism, and some don’t believe in such a system. It totally depends on the perspective of a person.
